Cylinder for engines.



'I-I. ELDERBYSHIRE.

CYLINDER FOR ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 18, 1913.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

IN VEN TOR ATTORNEY,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY E. DERBYSHIRE, or CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYIlVANIA, AssIeNon T0 CHAM- BERSIBURG- ENGINEERING COMPANY, or oimmnnnsnune, PENNSYLVANIA, a

CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CYLINDER FOR ENGINES.

Specification of Letters latent.

' Patented Apr. 21,1914.

Application filed October 18, 1913. Serial No 785,845.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY E. DERBY- SHIRE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chambersburg, in the county of Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Cylinders for Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in cylinders for steam or airiengines and the object of my invention is'to furnish ameans for preventing injury to'parts of the main cylinder, or to life or property, should its piston rod break, be pulled out of a ram, or

be otherwise disconnected when steam or air is under the piston.

My invention is particularly applicable to the cylinder of a steam hammer in which, owing to the nature of its use, the piston rod presently crystallizes and is apt to break, the break usually being at a point near its connection to the ram. Should a break occur while there is steam under the piston, or should steam be admitted to the lower side of the piston after the breaking of the rod, the piston will be driven upward under a full head of steam and will not infrequently break the head of the cylinder and pass completely out of it. If the cylinder head and the bolts which secure it to the cylinder be strong enough to arrest the flying piston the cylinder itself would prob ably be ruptured, the final result being quite as serious as if the head onlyqwas torn ofi't My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification, in which similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views, and in which,

Figure 1, is a central sectionalelevation 4 of a cylinder fitted with my improvements;

, form one, it being understood that while the invention is particularly designed for use 1n connection with the cylinder of a steam hammer 1t may be equally well used in connection with any cylinder the piston rod of which is liable to break, become disconnected, or otherwise released, and driven violently toward the'cylinder head.

The cover 2, which is bolted to cylinder 1, forms'the cylinder of a dash pot the piston of which, preferably, carries a shearing ring 7 which, with an annular shoulder 11 inside and near the lower end of its cylinder, forms aysteam tight head for the main cylinder. The shearing'ring 7 is sufiiciently strong to withstand all ordinary steam pressures but is adapted, should the end of the main piston suddenly engage it, to shear off and release the piston 6 which will be driven up in its cylinder compressing the air therein and acting as a break to bring the main piston to rest before any injury is done to the main cylinder or its cover 2. The engagement of the main piston and the piston of the dash pot can only occur when the main piston rod is released by breakage or otherwise.

In Fig; 1 the shearingring 7 is separate! from the piston 6, the latter being furnished with a groove to hold the former. The outer part of the ring 7 is held by shoulder 11 formed on the inner side of the cover 2. The ring may be constructed of fiber, lead, or any other suitable material, it may form an integral part of the casting-of piston 6, or it may be simply the periphery of a disk placed below iston 6 as shown in Fig. 4. As I have be ore stated the shearing ring or flange 7 makes a steam tight joint between the piston 6 and the cover 2, should any leak develop the condensed steam will be drawn out of the cylinder formed in case 2 by the drip pi e 8. v

' Upon its under si e the piston 6 is preferably furnished with legs 9 which rest upon the top of thecylin er 1 and as the piston 6 is thus, supported upon its under side and as the shoulder 11 in the cover 2 bears against the-top of the ring or'flange 7 from the piston '6, as shown'in Figs. 1 and *"te 'al part ofpiston 6 the usefulness of- .4, it can be quickly replaced after having been'sheared off by the main piston strikin the piston 6, if, however, it form an inboth piston-and rm is destroyed when the latter is broken. S ould the piston- 6 jamin its cylinder after the shearing of ring '1 it can be easily dislodged with a rod or bar introduced into cap '2 through hole 13 which is ordinarily closed by a lug 10(- Having thus describe my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letnislied within witlitan annular shoulder, a

ters Patent: 1. The combination with a cylinder and its. piston, of a dash pot forming a continuation of theuplper end of said cylinder and furnishedwit in with an annular shoulder, and a means held against upward pressure by said shoulder and breakable upon contact with said main piston, for normally formin% a head iorsmd-main cylinder. $2 ln domhination, a maincylinder and gistdmta' cover, form' an auxiliary cylinef, ,secured totsaid'jmain cylinder and furpiston within said auxiliary cylinder,,'and a ing said auxiliary shearable means held against upward sure by said shoulder and formin in onnection with said latter piston a said main cylinder.

3. In combination, a-main cylinder and piston, a cover secured to an forming) cad for continuation of said main cylinder, a pmton within-said cover forming a head for said main cylinder, and a breakable means uniting in-a. steam tight manner said latter piston and the cover, said breakable means being adapted to be fractured to re: lease said latter piston when struck by said main piston. I

4. In combination, a main cylinder and piston, a cover formin an auxiliary cylinder secured to said main cylinder, a piston "in said auxiliary cylinder, and a shearing ring or flange carried by or forming part of 'said latter piston and formin in connection therewith a steam tight hea for said main cylinder.

5. In combinatioma main cylinder and piston, a cover forming an auxiliary cylmr der and furnished interiorly with an annular shoulder, means for removably securto said main cyhnder, a piston within said auxiliary cylinder- .carrying a shearable means adapted to forma steam tight joint with the shoulder in the auxiliary cyllnder and with legs adaptedtc rest on top of said main cylinder.

HENRY E. DERBYsmRnf Witnesses:

A. A. LONGAKER, v LmLmN'M. WOLF.

Copies of this p ateiit mite ofitaine d'for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

'. Washington, D. 0. 

